Barbara Lee

Congresswoman/Mother

Democrat

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Background

Lee was born in 1946, the daughter of a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army and a mother who worked at the Social Security Administration. Growing up in segregated El Paso, Texas, Lee attended Catholic schools instead of all-Black schools, as one of only two Black students. 

Lee said she received a back-alley abortion in Mexico as a teen, later escaped a violent marriage and became a homeless single mom who took her two sons to class with her at Mills College in Oakland. She got a master’s degree in social work from the University of California Berkeley. She volunteered with the Black Panther Party and became active in politics, serving in the state Legislature for seven years until she won a special election in 1998 to replace her mentor, then-U.S. Rep. Ron Dellums.

In Congress, Lee is best known for being the lone vote against using military force in Afghanistan in 2001 after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and voting often to withdraw troops from foreign countries. She also serves on the powerful House Budget and Appropriations committees. The progressive Democrat is advocating for universal free child care and federal cash assistance for low-income renters.

“Every Californian has a chance to live the California American Dream here in California. I want to fight for your freedom because you know they are at risk.”

On the Issues

Key Topics
Economy and inflation
Criminal justice
Immigration
Labor
Housing and homelessness
Foreign policy
Climate change

While California and the rest of the nation hasn’t sunk into recession, inflation remains stubbornly high, rising to an annual rate of 3.4% in December from 3.1%. And polls show that despite some job growth and wage gains, Californians are still anxious about their personal finances and pessimistic about what lies ahead in 2024. 

Name three concrete policies you support the federal government implementing to reduce inflation.

My OLIGARCH Act will ensure that corporations and the 1% pay their fair share, while closing our country’s wealth gap, combating tax evasion, and holding billionaires accountable. A 95% tax on windfall profits of companies that bring in more than $500 million in revenue annually. Instead of lining the pockets of corporate executives, those dividends go toward responding directly to the needs of the American people. Slashing the bloated Defense budget and reinvesting the savings in our communities. My People Over Pentagon Act would redirect money from the Defense budget to healthcare, child care, and affordable housing.

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How do you define “good-paying jobs,” and what three specific actions will you take in the Senate to bring those jobs to California?

A good-paying job should lift you out of poverty, not keep you in it. I will work to raise the federal minimum wage to a living wage, eliminate the tipped sub-minimum wage, and end the sub-minimum wage for youth workers. I’ll oppose free trade agreements that reward corporations for moving manufacturing jobs overseas, stop the outsourcing of jobs to low-wage countries, and advocate for provisions that ensure job creation in California. I’ll fight to pass the Green New Deal, which will employ millions of Americans to rebuild our crumbling infrastructure and build our 100% renewable energy system.

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Californians’ concerns about crime spiked during the COVID pandemic and haven’t lessened — worries worsened by fewer law enforcement officers in many communities. But the crime numbers paint a more complicated picture. And while California has some of the country’s strictest gun laws, a key measure to ban concealed weapons in most public places is tied up in the courts.

Name three concrete policies you want to implement in the Senate to reduce crime in California and nationally.

Raise the minimum wage, ensure wage equity, and cap interest on consumer loans and credit cards. For every dollar white Americans have, Black Americans have 10 cents, and Latinos have 13 cents. That has to change. Work to triple Title I funding, invest in afterschool programs, and make major investments in public K-12 education, including trauma-informed care and services in schools. Pass Medicare for All, to guarantee mental healthcare to people as a human right, and ensure that people who struggle with addiction can get the treatment they need.

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What is your solution to rising gun deaths in the nation?

The answer is simple: Ban assault weapons and high-capacity magazines, mandate background checks, and institute waiting periods. No one needs an AR-15 in this country. When the 1994 assault weapons ban was in effect, gun violence and gun-related deaths were down across the country — but skyrocketed back up when Congress failed to reauthorize the ban in 2004. We can save so many lives and avoid unnecessary tragedy by taking weapons of war out of the hands of civilians. A significant majority of Americans want common-sense gun reform. We have the proof, we just need to act.

 

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The crisis at the border is affecting California. Local nonprofits have been overwhelmed by record numbers of migrants in San Diego and Imperial counties. Between last September and November, U.S. border authorities dropped off more than 42,000 people on San Diego County streets with no direction or assistance, according to county officials.

Name three immigration reform policies you believe Congress should implement.

President Biden needs to stop building the ridiculous border wall and reverse his administration’s severe restrictions to asylum and legal immigration. Reviving Donald Trump’s temporary expulsion authority and crackdown on immigration parole is a non-starter. I’m the only candidate in this race who voted against the creation of ICE, and I am the only one who has called for cutting CBP funding by 50%. We must hold these agencies accountable for human rights abuses, curtail their overreach, and end for-profit detention. We must expand DACA and DAPA and create a pathway for citizenship for all undocumented immigrants.

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Should undocumented immigrants in the U.S. have a path to citizenship? If so, what would that look like?

Yes. This country is a nation of immigrants that was built and strengthened by families in search of the American Dream — and we need to uphold that opportunity and the promise of a better life for everyone. In addition to championing the Dream and Promise Act to secure permanent resident status for Dreamers and DACA recipients, I’ve been a strong backer of the U.S. Citizenship Act to provide a pathway to citizenship for currently undocumented immigrants. The legislation would permit applications for temporary legal status, with the opportunity to apply for lawful permanent residence after five years.

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The “hot labor summer” last year made a big difference in California, and helped lead to significant victories for unions in the Legislature, including higher minimum wages than the statewide $16 an hour for fast food and health care workers. And labor activism shows no sign of letting up in 2024.

What should the federal minimum wage be? And if you believe it needs to be changed, what can you do to make it happen?

We need a real living wage in this country. I’ve been in the fight for $15 for years, and support legislation that would increase the national minimum wage beyond that. At a time of massive income and wealth inequality and record-breaking corporate profits, it is unacceptable that working people are expected to survive on $7.25. If the minimum wage increased at the same rate as Wall Street employee bonuses, it would be more than $42 an hour — still less than what MIT estimates is a living wage for a family of four in CA. We should be negotiating from there.

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Name three labor policies you want to implement as the next U.S. senator.

The PRO Act, a comprehensive labor bill I co-sponsored, would implement strong protections for workers, including their right to organize, and accountability measures for corporations that violate workers’ rights. Holding corporate leadership accountable and showing up for workers through policies like my co-sponsored CEO Act, which would tax companies with CEO pay over 50 times more than the lowest-paid employee, creating revenue that can instead be invested in communities. Policy like the Part-Time Worker Bill of Rights Act, which would provide expanded eligibility for benefits, paid leave, and greater protections for part-time workers.

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California’s affordable housing crisis only deepened during the pandemic. And California has the most homeless individuals of any state — more than 171,000 as of 2023, despite more than $20 billion in spending since 2018. With rising public concern about homelessness, California cities are hoping a case before the U.S. Supreme Court will give them more leeway to clear homeless encampments. A ballot measure in March would allow the state to borrow $6.4 billion more to build treatment beds for those with mental illness, including those living on the street.

What do you think is the biggest driving factor of California’s homelessness problem?

At its core, homelessness is a housing issue. We need housing that remains affordable in perpetuity. We need a national rent control standard. We need to end the practice of corrupt real estate developers forcing working families from their homes. We need to fully fund Section 8 rental assistance. But we also need a healthcare system that doesn’t bankrupt families in crisis. We need support for senior citizens who can’t stay housed on a fixed income. We need a real living wage. We need affordable addiction treatment. We need free college, so that students aren’t sleeping in their cars.

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What are three policies you believe will increase housing affordability in California?

Addressing the crushing cost of rent with a national cap on annual rent increases and supporting efforts to pass stronger rent control standards. That’s exactly why I wrote the Renters’ Bill of Rights. My DEPOSIT Act will support working people with security deposits and other essential moving costs, which can be a prohibitive barrier for individuals and families otherwise ready to move into a stable home. The Housing for All Act, which will aid local governments in their efforts to end homelessness, and invest $500 billion in federal rental assistance, housing vouchers, HUD grants, and affordable housing.

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While the U.S. isn’t directly at war, it is deeply involved in supporting Ukraine repel the Russian invasion and backing Israel after the Oct. 7 Hamas attack. The latter has become particularly controversial in California, as some elected officials and advocacy groups call for a ceasefire to ease the humanitarian crisis in Gaza

Do you support a ceasefire in the Gaza war? Why or why not?

The violence in Gaza erodes the possibility of lasting peace and security for Israelis and Palestinians. I support an immediate ceasefire to prevent more civilian suffering and death, bring hostages home and allow for diplomatic solutions. I am the only candidate to demand an unequivocal ceasefire in Gaza. But I’ve often stood alone when it comes to questions of peace. I am the only candidate who voted against authorizing the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. I am the only candidate who voted against the PATRIOT Act, opposed missile strikes in Libya, and has always pushed to slash bloated Pentagon spending.

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Do you believe the U.S. should intervene in military conflicts abroad? And if so, under what circumstances should we intervene?

In weighing foreign policy decisions, I prioritize a measured, democratic approach that supports global peace and security. We should not retreat from the world stage, but we should lead with diplomacy and foreign aid over force, and cooperation over unilateralism. I will not rule out military intervention, but that should never be our default option. Our power should not be measured by how many bombs we make or guns our army wields. It should be measured by our ability to harness our technology and vast wealth to create a better life for all people, and support our common humanity.

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Do you support reducing or increasing the federal budget on defense and national security? Why or why not?

The defense budget is outrageously bloated. The Pentagon has failed six audits in a row and has wasted billions of taxpayer dollars. We can’t accept this waste, fraud and abuse in the sprawling military-industrial complex when we can’t meet the basic needs of our own communities. Defending the American people is not only about bombs and guns. It’s about making sure that every American has a home and good healthcare. That’s why I introduced the People Over Pentagon Act, which would divert $100 billion from the defense budget to invest in priorities like healthcare, infrastructure, and education.

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While the drought has let up, California is facing intensifying battles over water rights, struggling to reach its goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and is counting on federal money for climate programs with the state budget deficit. The state is also confronting an increased threat of wildfires; the federal government owns the most forested land in the state.

Name three concrete policies you want to implement that would address the climate change crisis.

We must address the climate emergency head-on, especially in communities that have experienced generations of environmental injustice. I co-authored the A. Donald McEachin Environmental Justice for All Act to do exactly that. I’m an original co-sponsor of the Green New Deal, which can kickstart a clean energy revolution and generate millions of high-wage jobs. We must also hold accountable the fossil fuel corporations who knowingly destroyed our planet for short-term profits. As senator, I will champion legislation to ban offshore drilling, raise taxes on corporate polluters’ fossil fuel income and wealth, and end new federal fossil fuel infrastructure permits.

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Should California embrace clean energy? And if so, what will you do as Senator to incentivize the use of clean energy in the state?

Absolutely. I’m proud to see the strides California has already taken in moving towards a sustainable economy, ditching fossil fuels, and embracing clean energy in an efficient time frame. As the fifth-largest economy in the world, it can set a nationwide standard. I’m a co-sponsor for the Green New Deal For Cities Act, which would provide $1 trillion in federal funding for state and local governments to respond to the climate crisis and create thousands of green infrastructure jobs. I’ll push for this legislation’s passage, and work with counties and cities in California to implement and expand clean energy use.

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Fundraising

Key Endorsements

Barbara Lee

Supporters
  • Reproductive Freedom for All
  • Seven top statewide officials
  • National Association of Social Workers
  • Dolores Huerta, co-founder of United Farm Workers
Fun Fact

Lee loves little dogs, especially golden doodles. Her granddog, “Mr. Buttons,” lives in Illinois. 

Experience

U.S. House

1998-present

Lee has voted against most U.S. military interventions in foreign countries and has advocated for troop withdrawals from Syria and Afghanistan. She has proposed funding cuts for the Pentagon and voted against creating U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and is the only Senate candidate to call for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza. She was also among the first co-sponsors of Medicare for All and championed legislation to decriminalize marijuana.

State Legislature

1990-98

Lee served in the Assembly for three terms and, in 1997, became the first Black woman to represent Northern California in the state Senate. She introduced legislation to reduce hate violence in schools, expand health care access for children and provide federal funding for rape victim services. She also fought to limit the use of California’s Three Strikes Law — which carried a sentence of 25 years to life in prison for third felonies

Business owner

1987-90

She started a facility management company in the East Bay in 1987 and ran it until she was elected to the state Legislature. In 1974, Lee — then a graduate student — also founded the Community Health Alliance for Neighborhood Growth and Education, which provided mental health services to East Bay residents.

Staff to U.S. Rep. Ron Dellums

1974-87

Starting as an intern in the office of Dellums, who represented an Oakland-based district, Lee became his chief of staff and one of the few Black senior staffers on the Hill. She helped Dellum develop a legislative agenda and worked with staffers across the aisle.  

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